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April 2009

1. Report on the preparation of the 16th IUAES World Congress (Oct. 20th, 2008 - Feb. 20th, 2009)

By Prof. Dr. Zhang Jijiao

After the visit of the IUAES leadership Prof. Peter J.M. Nas (Secretary-General), Dr. Soheila Shahshahani (Senior Vice-President) and Prof. Eric Sunderland (Past-President), the preparation and organization of the 16th IUAES World Congress has been restarted in October, 2008.

Because of the global financial crisis, we expect that the scale of the 16th IUAES World Congress will be diminished compared with the scale of last year (over 6000 participants and 230 sessions/panels). We estimate that there will be at least 150 sessions/panels and 3,000 participants from around the world. The situation of the preparation of the coming 16th IUAES World Congress might be better than was expected.

Up to February 19, 2009, 147 sessions/panels have been accepted (including the Eighth Round Sessions/Panels), of which 91 sessions/panels will be solely organized by foreign scholars and jointly organized by Chinese and foreign experts, and 56 sessions/panels will be organized by Chinese scholars.

Up to now, 3,252 participants will engage in the Congress, of which 1,357 are from abroad (about 100 countries and regions) and 1,896 are from China (including Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan).

We will continue to approve new panels/sessions in March. The scale of the Congress will be determined by the end of March. It is anticipated that the 16th IUAES World Congress will have 150-170 panels/sessions and 3,500-4,000 participants from about 100 countries and regions.

Guidelines on Applying for Financial Support have been announced on the official website.

Up to February 20, 2009, there are 1,713 scholars and students from 69 countries applying for financial aid, of which 985 apply for traffic subsidies and 728 apply for free lodging, including 65 applying for full financial aid (both traffic subsidies and free lodging).

Prof. Dr. Zhang Jijiao

Vice-Secretary-General

Organizing Committee for the 16th IUAES World Congress

Email: iuaes2009@yahoo.cn

Website: http://www.icaes2008.org

2. Proposals Manchester Congress 2013

By John Gledhill

The University of Manchester is the largest in the UK and ranked fortieth in the Shanghai list of the world’s 150 top universities. Its Anthropology Department, founded by Max Gluckman in 1949, enjoys a worldwide reputation and has organized other major international events, such as the RAI Film Festival in 2007 and ASA Decennial Conference in 2003. The City of Manchester is eager to host major international congresses. It will provide cost-free administration of delegate registration and accommodation and in all likelihood a subvention if the bid is approved. The University of Manchester School of Social Sciences and Faculty of Humanities have already agreed to fund a congress administrator. The university campus is within walking distance of the many bars, restaurants, theatres, concert halls and other attractions of Britain’s third largest metropolitan city, the academic events will be accommodated in a newly built central complex that includes a lecture theatre with seating for a thousand and enough other rooms of varying sizes to accommodate the full academic program. Events such as receptions in which numbers could run into several thousands can be accommodated in a nearby city convention centre. Inexpensive but comfortable accommodation is available close to the congress site in student residences as well as in a range of hotels to suit all budgets and requirements, and the city’s international airport offers connections to all regions of the world. Manchester is a lively and cosmopolitan city located in a region that also offers the visitor opportunities to visit places of truly outstanding natural beauty and/or historical interest.

Manchester’s bid to host the 2013 Congress enjoys the support of our two national learned societies, the Royal Anthropological Institute and Association of Social Anthropologists. A national organizing committee will develop the conference program. This will include biological anthropologists and archaeologists as well as socio-cultural anthropologists, and we will also encourage anthropologists applying their skills outside the academy in practitioner roles to contribute to the Congress.

In addition to ensuring an inclusive intellectual agenda, the committee will do its utmost to maximize international participation by seeking external funding to subsidize attendance and by adopting an appropriate policy on registration fees. We will work to promote the publication of work presented in the Congress in international journals and hopefully in one of more books that will be explicitly identified with the IUAES. The organizing committee includes colleagues with considerable experience of working at an international level in the global anthropological community as well as strong working relations with anthropology publishers internationally.

It is clear that the economic and geo-political contours of the world in which we live are changing rapidly and that a world anthropological congress to be celebrated in 2013 might well be reflecting on the human impacts of a whole series of crises in which environmental, biological and socio-economic issues converge. Despite its iconic association with the industrial revolution, Manchester has had to reinvent itself as a post-industrial city, just as large parts of the discipline of anthropology have successfully redefined their objects of study to adapt to a changing world. So we propose the theme, ‘Evolving Humanity, Emerging Worlds’ as a way of bringing all the discipline’s subfields into dialogue and presenting a public image of the subject as one that is at the forefront of producing new, and constructive, scientific knowledge about human possibilities.

3. Proposal Turkey Inter-congress 2010

By Erksin Güleç

As Ankara University, the Department of Anthropology would like to pronounce its candidateship for the organization of the 2010 Inter-Congress of the International Union of Anthropological and Ethnological Sciences (IUAES). The time and location for the congress is proposed as October 2010, Antalya or Istanbul, Turkey.

The goals and objectives of the organizers will be presented in detail in separate documents.

Ankara University Anthropology Department members are devoted to research and are very well aware of and eager to take on the responsibilities adhered by organizing the International Union of Anthropological and Ethnological Sciences (IUAES) Inter-Congress. We strongly believe that having an opportunity to host this Inter-congress in Antalya or Istanbul would be a great honour for Turkey, and a great exposure of advances for educational institutions.

From the point of attendees each congress will be an auditorium where the scientific outcomes are shared with peers and seniors. Each presentation will be shaped by questions and comments, and take-home messages will be attained. Then, there will still be time for celebrations once all aspects of science have been fulfilled.

Ankara University Anthropology Department would like to confirm the success of the scientific as well as the social part of the International Union of Anthropological and Ethnological Sciences (IUAES). Accuracy of location, ease of travel, wonderful accommodation and all the other issues related to success of this Conference have been precisely evaluated.

Besides the Conference, we also wish to invite you to the land of history, culture and humanity. Let us take on the responsibility of taking you to track the traces of Hatties, Romans, Byzantines, Seljuks and Ottomans. Let us all ride the horses of Capadocia, sail with the winds of Homer, swim at the beaches of Cleopatra, fight with Achilles to save Helen at Troy and reach the Godly skies of Nemrut.

Apart from science, we also believe in the importance of the social aspect of the Inter-Congress. From the point of view of the organizers, each congress is a part of a never-ending process that should achieve a higher quality scientific level. In other words, each congress should be better organized than previous ones. For a successful and memorable event, we believe we should keep our heads up the clouds but our feet on the ground. With this Inter-Congress proposal, we hope to have the chance to elaborate a lot of new unforgettable memories at Antalya or Istanbul, Turkey, October 2010.

Prof. Dr. Erksin Güleç, University of Ankara, Department of Anthropology, Turkey

Phone: +90 312 309 37 61 Fax: +903123093761

E-mail: gulec@humanity.ankara.edu.tr

4. Proposal Perth Inter-Congress 2011

By Gregory L. Acciaioli

The University of Western Australia (UWA) was founded in 1911 as the first university in the state. Currently, it ranks ninth among Asia-Pacific universities (fourth in Australia), listing in the 101-150th range of the Jiao Tong global ranking. Its Anthropology program celebrated its 50th anniversary two years ago with a national symposium whose results have begun to be published. Shortly after their inception both the Department and the Anthropological Society of Western Australia became members of the IUAES under the leadership of their founder Professor Ronald M. Berndt. The Anthropology program, now housed within the Discipline of Anthropology and Sociology, continues an active program of undergraduate teaching and postgraduate training, currently enrolling over 50 postgraduate students.

Anthropology and Sociology is keen to host the IUAES 2011 inter-congress in association with the centennial celebrations of the university. The organizing committee has so far obtained $20,000AUD, with an increase currently being deliberated, to aid in management of this conference from the Perth Conference Bureau, which enthusiastically promotes conferences of this scale to promote the city’s international profile. The UWA Faculty of Arts, Humanities and Social Sciences has also signaled its endorsement of our intention and will facilitate finding further support for the conference. Contact has been made with the head of the Perth Convention Centre, who has confirmed the suitability of that venue for the anticipated size of the conference, and work has begun in preparing a budget with a local conference management organization here in Perth. The major hotels in Perth, ranging from budget accommodation for backpackers to five-star hotels of the major chains, are all within walking distance of the Convention Centre, as are the restaurants and other refreshment venues of both the central city and the entertainment precinct Northbridge. Some events are also planned for the UWA campus (less than 10 minutes away by bus), whose Octagon Theatre can accommodate plenary addresses and other functions addressed to all attendees, while the UWA Club can host large receptions.

UWA’s bid to host the 2011 Congress also enjoys the support of the Australian Anthropological Society (AAS). It is planned to combine the IUAES inter-congress with the annual conference of the AAS for 2011, as already approved by the AAS executive, which will provide at least its usual level of support for an annual meeting, including not only financial support in the case of cost overruns, but also providing the facilities for registration on the internet and payment through Paypal. Holding of this joint conference is seen as part of the push for internationalization by the AAS, whose members endorsed holding joint international conferences at approximately three-year intervals at the last Annual General Meeting on the final day of the successful 2008 joint conference of the Australian (AAS), New Zealand (ASAANZ) and British (ASA) anthropological associations.

In keeping with the composition of the AAS and the participation profile in its annual meetings, the organizing committee will make every effort to design a program that will attract not only international academic anthropologists, but also anthropologists applying their skills as professionals outside the academy. In keeping with past AAS annual conferences, we will also endeavour to keep registration fees low so as to maximize international and student participation in the joint conference. As in the past we will seek to facilitate publication of various panels as special issues in both Australian and international journals, as well as appropriate books that may be identified with IUAES programs and initiatives.

Gregory L. Acciaioli, Organizing Committee Chair

5. Report Commission on Nomadic Peoples, 2003-2008

By Dawn Chatty

In July 2003, the Commission took part in the 15th Congress of the IUAES in Florence, Italy with a day-long session of papers by fifteen Commission members. This was followed by the Business meeting of the Commission. A second set of papers and presentations was also organized by Emmanuel Marx in a nearby town. Most of these papers have since appeared in special issues of numerous journals including our own journal Nomadic Peoples. The IUAES organizers also published proceedings of that Congress.

The Editors of the journal Nomadic Peoples have changed since 2003 when Carol Kerven agreed to serve as Co-Editor along with William Lancaster. In 2005, William decided to step down as Co-Editor. Since then Steven Dinero and Kenneth Bauer have both agreed to assist Carol as Co-Editors.

At the July 2003 Business Meeting of the Commission, the Lifetime Achievement Award was presented to both I.M. Lewis and Walter Goldschmidt. A new round of nominations and votes are being managed at the present time by Kathleen Galvin. We hope to be able to announce one or perhaps two new Lifetime Achievement Awards at the next Business meeting of the Commission.

In 2006, the edited book Nomadic Societies in the Middle East and North Africa: Entering the 21st Century was published by Brill in their Handbook of Oriental Studies Series (Leiden: E.J. Brill). With over 36 chapters contributed mainly by members of the Commission on Nomadic Peoples it is an important milestone of the Commission.

We were preparing to take part in the 16th IUAES Congress in Kunming, Yunnan, China between July 15th and July 23rd, 2008. The Commission had been granted an Academic Session which was divided into three panels and a Business meeting of the Commission on either July 16th or 17th. Due to circumstances these meetings did not materialize.

The Commission now has over 100 registered members who are part of an email distribution list, making communications among the members much easier than in the past. As a loosely structure organization of individuals interested in nomadic peoples, the website and email distribution are important means of communication among Commission members and other interested individuals.

Dawn Chatty, March 10th, 2008

6. IUAES Membership

We invite you to become a member of the IUAES.

Please contact:

Professor Tomoko Hamada, Treasurer IUAES, Department of Anthropology, College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, VA 23187-8795, United States of America, Fax: USA 757-221-1066, Tel: USA 757-221-1060. E-mail: thamad@wm.edu.

[ ] National academies: an amount determined by the Union.

[ ] National or regional associations: an amount equal to US$ 0.50 per professional member as determined by the Association itself, with a minimum of 50 members US$ 50. ............... members x US$ 0.50 = ………….US$.

[ ] Institutions (Departments, Institutes, etc.) becoming members for the first time US$ 50.00.
[ ] Institutions (Departments, Institutes, etc.) continuing their previous membership US$ 35.00.
[ ] Individual Membership US$ 30.00 (2 years), US$ 75.00 (5 years).

[ ] Student Membership US$ 20.00 (2 years), US$ 50.00 (5 years).

[ ] IUAES Research Commissions US$ 100 (1 year).

Methods of Payment: Due to foreign exchange rate fluctuations, we strongly encourage you to send payment in actual US dollar notes. Please contact the Treasurer for specific payment information (thamad@wm.edu).

                                                                                                                          © IUAES/Peter J.M. Nas

1. Minutes of the IUAES Executive Council Meeting, July 17 and 18, 2008, Faculty Room, Social Sciences Faculty, Leiden University, The Netherlands 

Present: Luis Alberto Vargas (President), Peter Nas (Secretary General), Tomoko Hamada (Treasurer), Brunetto Chiarelli, Faye Harrison, Jing Jun, Keiichi Omoto, Soheila Shahshahani, Petr Skalnik, Andrew Spiegel, Anita Sujoldzic, Eric Sunderland, with the support of Michelle Schut.

Agenda

1. Opening and welcome (Vargas)

2. Discussion on the agenda

3. Report about the postponement of the congress and the situation in China now (Jing Jun)

4. The next congress

5. IUAES Statement on Human Rights

6. Nominations Committee report (Shahshahani and Omoto)

7. IUAES leadership coming period and planning Permanent Council

8. Inter-congresses Ankara (Ercsin Gulec), Yogyakarta (Rahayu Saraswati) and Tirana (Albert P. Nikolla), Perth (Gregory Acciaioli), Cameroon (Paul Nkwi) and congress 2013 Manchester (John Gledhill) (report by Chiarelli and Nas)

9. Proposal change by-law for commissions (Shahshahani)

10. Memberships ICSU, ISSC, CISPH, ECOSOC, WCAA (Vargas, Nas)

11. Finances (Hamada)

12. Other items

13. Closure

Thursday July 17, 2008

After making brief presentations of all present Peter Nas opened the agenda for discussions. Some changes were made to the agenda in order to include honorary members and WCAA.

Jing Jun brings an official letter inviting the Union to postpone our Congress to Kunming in July 2009. He further explains the postponement of the 2008 Congress in relation to riots in Tibet. Our Congress was not the only international event that was put on hold, he said, adding that a number of concerts and trade fairs were also postponed. And after the Sichuan Earthquake took place, the decision to postpone the 2008 Congress became final as Yunnan was also one of the areas affected by the earthquake. However, the decision of the Chinese Union of Anthropological and Ethnological Sciences to reopen the Congress in 2009 has been approved by and received support from Chinese authorities. In addition, the preparations for the Congress are still proceeding. By now, Jing Jun said, the film festival during the Congress has received enough submissions. Rooms for students are booked. All the chairpersons of the Commissions, distinguished speakers and other participants had been invited. The resources to pay for these activities are still available. Jing Jun’s speech at the Executive Committee contained a formal apology to IUAES for the postponement of the 2008 Congress.

The possibilities are to postpone the Congress to December 2008 or July 2009, and there are arguments for and against both times. What is the biggest concern is that the Congress should no be postponed again, since this would hurt the Union deeply. There are arguments for holding the meeting at any of both times, and it is proposed that it is decided by the Chinese Organizing Committee taking into account arguments for both sides.

Jing Jun suggests that Peter Nas should travel to China to receive a commitment from the Chinese Government that the Congress will not be postponed again, and Mugsy Spiegel adds that this should include aspects in addition to the ones related to politics, such as floods, etc., plus allowing for academic discussions of delicate issues.

Tomoko Hamada suggests that this has to be made known to the anthropological community. Many people are scrutinizing our Union and institutions and we have to be very careful to demonstrate that we have been very careful in obtaining assurance that the conditions to hold the Congress have been acceptable.

Faye Harrison suggests that we also consider the possibility of changing the site of the Congress from Kunming to Hong Kong.

Decision 1: The Executive Committee unanimously agrees that we are in favor of holding the XVI IUAES Congress in Kunming, China preferably in July 2009. The Executive Committee will reach the final decision by email vote, after a visit to China led by the Secretary General who will obtain written assurances from the Chinese Government, that there will be no further postponements or cancellation. Freedom of speech and participation as well as provision of visas for all participants must be guaranteed.

The vote was unanimously in favor. Mugsy Spiegel states that we should have alternatives if the answer is negative.

Decision 2: It is agreed that in that case the Congress should be cancelled. We have a proposal for a next Congress in Manchester for 2013, which can be anticipated, but there is also the possibility of holding a meeting of the Executive Committee in Cameroon, during the Inter-congress in August 2009.

The Committee received a proposal to prepare a Statement on Human Rights by IUAES. B. Chaudhury is preparing a draft, to be sent to us. Petr Skalnik is also preparing an expansion of the Statement on Human Race with the results of the discussion held in the Pardubice Inter-congress. This opened the question on how to facilitate the Executive Committee to make statements about concrete matters, which are urgent.

Decision 3: The Statement on Human Rights will be done by a committee made up of Mugsy Spiegel, B. Chaudhury, Soheila Shahshahani and Hao Shiyuan, from the Institute of Ethnology of the Chinese Academy of Sciences. This will be presented by our Committee to the Permanent Council in China and then made public.

Decision 4: Petr Skalnik consulting other members who have already made contributions will prepare a similar situation for the Statement on Human Race.

Decision 5: The Executive Committee voted for Soheila Shahshahani to become our Senior Vice-president.

Peter Nas informs about the Congresses and Inter-congresses that have been proposed:

-      Manchester Congress in 2013, to be organized by John L. Gledhill.

-      Cameroon Inter-congress in August 2009 to be organized by the PanAfrican Anthropological Association.

-      Tirana, Albania Inter-congress in 2012. Only the preliminary contacts have been made, but probably the subject would be Globalization.

-      Istanbul Inter-congress, in 2010, organized by the Department of Anthropology of Ankara University, on Past, present and future human migrations.

-      Bali, Indonesia, in 2011 organized by the University of Gadjah Mada, on Consequences of human population isolation.

-      Perth Inter-congress, in 2011, organized by the Australian Anthropological Society.

These (Inter-)congresses will be presented at the coming Congress to the Permanent Council. Peter Nas will inform the organizers about the bidding procedure.

Peter Nas announced that the book Anthropology now: Essays by the Scientific Commissions of IUAES and history of IUAES is ready. Only three Commissions did not participate. This book is programmed to be published in China, both in English and Chinese.

Soheila Shahshahani proposes changes in our by-laws. One problem is that the Commissions do not have a clear procedure on how to change their authorities. One probability is to have a small advisory council. Our Union should promote inter-commission meetings. Attention should also be given to the financial situations of the Commissions and their contribution to IUAES.

Commissions have the possibility of obtaining funds from foundations and other sources to support their activities. They are also to be encouraged to have their own websites with links to the one of IUAES.

Friday July 18, 2008

(We made further amendments to the resolution concerning the XVI IUAES Congress and unanimously voted for them.)

Tomoko Hamada presented the IUAES Financial Report from January 1, 2008 to July 7, 2008. One problem that we have faced is the changing rate of exchange of euros in relation to dollars. Payments have been made to ICSU, CIPSH and ISSC, and in addition we have had other expenses. Our current balance is of $779.48 USA dollars. Not all Commissions have paid their fees.

Decision 6: Tomoko Hamada proposes to create the possibility of offering life memberships. This is accepted.

Jin Jung explained that the organizers of the Congress in China cannot collect the membership fees for IUAES.

We discussed the financial crisis facing IUAES, since institutions are not paying and we have to relay on individual fees that are hard to collect.

Decision 7: It has been agreed that a Task Force for Finances and Fund Raising must be established: Jungi Koizumi, Faye Harrison, Charles Susanne and Tomoko Hamada.

Keichii Omoto suggests that formal invitations should be sent to Anthropological Associations inviting them to become members.

We reviewed the list of Honorary Members and found that four members have passed away, and we have no information about three of them.

Decision 8: Mugsy Spiegel will try to find about the ones from which we have no information.

Soheila Shahshahani presented the results of the Nominations Committee and links them with the need to have a clear view of the functions and the future of IUAES.

Decision 9: We decided by voting that we will have two candidates for Secretary General and two for President. (Comment Peter Nas: this is not in accordance with the statutes. As the Executive Committee cannot change the statutes - which has to be done via the Permanent Council - this vote should be considered merely an advice to the Nominating Committee.)

For all the candidates for every post, the Nominations Committee will provide the Secretary General with a brief curriculum vitae and a statement of their plans within IUAES. This information can be given to the members of the Permanent Council present at its meeting.

Jing Jun lets us know that he just got news from China asking that the Congress be programmed for Kunming during five days in July.

Peter Nas reminds us that IUAES is a member of ICSU, ISSC, CIPSH and ECOSOC. We have been participating in them and obtained funding for specific projects. At the moment we are not a member of the WCAA network. Mugsy Spiegel presented the results of the WCAA meeting recently held in Osaka. Our Union has to decide our relationship with WCAA.

Decision 10: Mugsy Spiegel and Luis Alberto Vargas will prepare material to be discussed in Kunming about our relationship.

2. ‘Observation Delegation’ to China

By Soheila Shahshahani, Senior Vice-President of the IUAES

In September 2008, I received a short message from Professor Peter Nas asking me if I would accompany him and Professor Sunderland to be a member of what the Chinese host of the ICAES called the ‘Observation Delegation’. I freed myself from academic engagements for the week of 13-19^th of October. I thought I could help achieve the goals set in Leiden for a delegation to make sure there would not be any further postponements or cancellations, that freedom of speech and visas for all participants would be guaranteed.

To begin with, getting a visa from the Chinese Consulate in Tehran was a difficult matter, and I made a note of all the difficulties to make it clear to our Chinese colleagues what has to be done to facilitate this matter for all participants in 2009.

Arriving in Beijing I was greeted at the airport by Professor Zhang Haiwang already a friend, having participated in at least three conferences with him (twice in Beijing, once in Tehran). In the morning of October 15^th we had our first meeting with Chinese high officials and our colleagues Zhang Jijiao, Jing Jun and many others were present. After a long welcome which included expressions of regret and understanding, we decided that a memorandum must be quickly drawn up so that both sides could sign it before our departure. We set out to work to spell out clearly what had to be in the Memorandum. On the Chinese side the same effort was made, and the Memorandum was corrected and exchanged a few times till the last version was accepted by both parties and finally signed before our departure on the 18^th of October, around 18:00 o’clock.

What we had to do during this period was to visit the venues of the Congress to make sure that what was done was acceptable. Accompanied by some colleagues we arrived in Kunming at night. The entire day of the 16^th was passed at Yunnan University and Yunnan University for Nationalities. We were first received by the President He Tianchun and then the Vice-President Mrs. Wang Zi gave a full report of her achievements. We were very positively surprised by the achievements of both Universities in preparing for the Congress. Twelve working groups (Organizing Office, Finance Group, Venue Group, Exhibition Group, Academic Group, Publicity Group, Volunteer Group, Accommodation Group, Catering and Campus Environmental Group, Security Group, Literature and Art Group, and Multi-Service Group including medical assistance, internet services, postal and photocopy services, supermarket, barrier-free facilities for the disabled, the security police etc.) were formed. Since 2007 the Yunnan University Newspaper opened a column called ‘Anthropological and Ethnological Sciences’ to promote the IUAES world congress.

A few buildings and auditoriums will be at our disposition (The Wen-Yuan Building, Qing Lai Hall, Science Building, Zhi Gong Tang, Justice Hall). A few auditoriums were completely refurnished, air conditions placed, and more than a hundred classrooms repainted, with new equipment with multi-media facilities. The Library will have a Book Fair, Anthropology Museum will have a few exhibitions and there will be Sign Boards in English within the campus.

Three locations will be at our disposal, all in the same area: Yunnan University, Yunnan University for Nationalities and the Museum. We were welcomed by officials, anthropologists, curators of the Museum, two volunteers standing at each door when we entered to bow harmonically to welcome us, and an electronic bill board announcing the arrival of ‘Observation Delegates’.

The Yunnan University of Nationalities will have three floors for books, posters and arts and crafts exhibitions. Six hundred volunteers will be interviewed, and five hundred will be selected to help participants. Translations being a critical matter we did emphasize on the quality of translations. Two cafeteria spaces will be at our disposition, and other facilities will also be provided to have the necessary food and refreshments for the grand number of people who will be attending the Congress. The campus hospital will also be renovated for all emergencies.

In between the Buildings, I mentioned above, there were gardens with low stone tables and stools inviting for informal discussions. I am sure many friends will be happy to find each other and speak quietly in the shade. Kunming has apparently always spring weather.

Free of charge, participants could use urban transportation during the days of the Congress. What would still be extremely important is the possibility on all five days to go to Yi villages. We visited one of them, called Koyi, and the fire sacrifice was performed for us, and very joyful male and female dancing followed, and we highly recommend this visit. This village was studied by an anthropologist who had helped in making it a location for research, and had also prepared it as a tourist attraction site.

Back to Beijing we visited Professor Zhang Jijiao at his office at the Institute of Ethnology and Anthropology, at the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences, and there, we were again surprised at the number of volumes he had prepared for the Congress. At the end of any activity, we were asked what we thought and how we thought they could improve for the Congress. We always had points to offer which were noted. Thus it seems that after all it might have become an unwanted luck that we are going to hold the Congress in 2009.

Beijing, 18 October 2008: Ceremonial photograph after the signing of the Memorandum on the postponed IUAES World Congress in Kunming.

Really, as the accomplishment of this country, what they had done in preparation was astounding. IUAES has been instrumental for support of anthropology in many countries and Chinese anthropologists recognize this fact and would only be glad to host us in a more elaborate way than they did in the Inter-Congress of 2000 in Beijing, and I am personally sure we will have a memorable Congress.

Professor Sunderland with his expertise and good humour, emphasized that I should not mention anything about all he did to make this delegation a successful one, but to say, ‘He was helpful’. Peter was affirmative, at one occasion vehemently so to get the ‘key sentence’ into the Memorandum. It was essential that we be harmonious and to work within our mandate, and indeed we did.

3. Proposals for Changes in the IUAES Statutes

Some IUAES members have proposed changes in the organization and statutes of the IUAES. These have been published in Newsletter 70, page 1, and will be discussed by the Executive Committee before being proposed to the Permanent Council. The following additional proposals are from Mugsy Spiegel:

1.  Bringing the statutes and by-laws up to date with current circumstances.

2.  Ensuring that all officers of the IUAES (including the President and Secretary General, but excluding the Treasurer) are nominated and elected through an open and transparent process and for specified periods of time rather than on an open-ended basis.

3.  Ensuring that the Secretary General and President remain accountable to the Executive Committee and that they report to that Committee regularly.

4.  Ensuring that the Executive Committee meets regularly (if necessary electronically) and that Executive Committee members continue to be active participants in the affairs of the Union.

5.  Ensuring that there is scope to replace inactive members of the Executive Committee so that there can be continuity in its work.

6.  Ensuring that there is proper and adequate world-wide representation on the Permanent Council while reconsidering the idea that the basis of such representation should be the nation-state.

4. IUAES Archive at the Section Special Collections of Leiden University Library

By Marlies de Groot

Since September 2008 the archive of the secretary-general of the International Union of the Anthropological and Ethnological Sciences (IUAES), (1948)1998-2008 is included in the Leiden University Library, Section Special Collections. Here follows the inventory.

Introduction

Organization

The IUAES is a world organization of social and biological anthropological scientists and institutions working in the fields of anthropology and ethnology, but also of interest to archaeologists and linguistics specialists, among others. Its aim is to enhance exchange and communication among scholars of all regions of the world, in a collective effort to expand human knowledge. In this way it hopes to contribute to a better understanding of human society, and to a sustainable future based on harmony between nature and culture.

Through its International Congresses of Anthropological and Ethnological Sciences (ICAES), held every five years, it provides a world forum for the discussion and dissemination of research in these fields. It also holds Inter-Congresses, seminars and symposia, and encourages the participation of anthropologists in other international meetings and projects. Through its Commissions, the IUAES stimulates the convergence of research interests among anthropologists, and the dissemination of research findings through publications.

The IUAES was established on 23rd August, 1948, when it was brought into one organization, de facto, with the International Congress of Anthropological and Ethnological Sciences (ICAES), which was itself founded in 1934. The latter was the follower of various Congresses of Anthropological Sciences, starting in 1865, the President of the Congress also serving as the President of the Union. The two organizations were united, de jure, into one, in 1968.

The Congresses held from 1934 onwards were as follows: 1934 London; 1938 Copenhagen; 1948 Brussels; 1952 Vienna; 1956 Philadelphia; 1960 Paris; 1964 Moscow; 1968 Tokyo; 1973 Chicago; 1978 Delhi; 1983 Quebec and Vancouver; 1988 Zagreb; 1993 Mexico; 1998 Williamsburg; and 2003 Florence. Recent Inter-Congresses took place in Calcutta/Ranchi, India, 2004; Pardubice, Czech Republic, 2005; and Cape Town, South Africa 2006.

The XVIth World Congress was planned to be in Kunming, China, 2008, under the Presidency of Professor Jing Jun, but was postponed.

The organization consists of a system with three bodies, the Executive Committee, the Permanent Council and the General Assembly. Besides this it also offers scientific commissions (currently 27) which each specialize in a certain direction. It has links with ECOSOC, CISPH, ISSC and ICSU. 

See for an extended history inventory number 18.5.

Archive

This archive was formed by Peter J.M. Nas in his function as secretary-general of the International Union of the Anthropological and Ethnological Sciences (IUAES). He was in office from 1998 till 2008/2009. The archive was donated to the Leiden University Library and is kept there by the Special Collections department. It consists of various pieces ranging from documentation published by the various branches of the IUAES to correspondence, as the secretary-general is on the whole the spokesperson for the organization. A short history and explanation to the IUAES is written above, for an extended history, see number 18.5.

This archive also includes some files of the previous secretary-general Eric Sunderland as well as papers of Henry Claessen, the chairman of the nomination committee (1998).

Cyril Belshaw (President 1978-1983) has deposited his archive including information such as extensive correspondence, the complete bank records of the Vancouver account of the Union, commission matters and more under the classification Cyril Belshaw Fonds in the university archives division of the library of the University of British Columbia.

Inventory

A Congresses (1-6)

B Inter-Congresses (7-13)

C Organization (14-19)

D Cooperation (20-23)

E Scientific Commissions

F Pieces collected by Eric Sunderland (33-41)

G Pieces collected by Henri Claessen (42-44)

A Congresses

1 Zagreb, Yugoslavia, 1988

Contains: Invite; Tourist program; Program of the opening ceremony; Photos

2 Mexico City, Mexico, 1993

Contains: Call for sessions and initial information booklet; General information booklet; Program

3 Williamsburg, USA, 1998

Contains: Call for sessions and initial information booklet; Call for abstracts; Program and abstracts  

4 Florence, Italy, 2003

Contains: Invite; Invite to the gala diner; Booklet with general information; Booklet on pre-congress sessions; Booklet on working sessions; Abstract book vol. I; Abstract book vol. II; Correspondence on the preparation work; Correspondence on the evaluation

5.1-5.5 Kunming, China, 2008

5.1 Correspondence on the application process

5.2 Application materials

5.3 Procedure materials

5.4 Correspondence on the postponement of the congress

Note: The access to inventory number 5.4 is closed until January 1st 2010.

5.5 Posters on the history of the IUAES

6 Unknown, 2013

Contains: Correspondence on the application process

B Inter-congresses

7 Lisbon, Portugal, 1990

Contains: Registration leaflet; Program and abstracts book

8 Beijing, China, 2000

Contains: Information booklet; Call for abstracts; Information booklet on the Chinese Urban Anthropology Association; Speeches made by Goldschmidt, Southall and Nas; Program and abstract book; Post inter-congress publication with photographs; Correspondence on the preparation work

9 Gottingen, Germany, 2001

Contains: Program; Plenary sessions papers; Correspondence on the finances

10 Tokyo, Japan, 2002

Contains: Speeches made by Omoto and Nas; First circular; Second circular; Advanced program; Program and abstracts book

11 Calcutta and Ranchi, India, 2004

Contains: Invite; Information booklet incl. registration/abstract call; Program; Additional abstract book; Correspondence; Correspondence on the finances

12 Pardubice, Czech Republic, 2005

Contains: Program and abstracts book; Paper delivered by Nas; Correspondence

13 Cape Town, South Africa, 2006

Contains: Report on the inter-congress; Preliminary program on the inter-congress; Delegate list for the inter-congress; Program; Correspondence; Correspondence on the finances

C Organization

14 Handbooks, 1988-1993, 1993-1998, 1998-2003

15 Correspondence

Contains: Statement on Race, 1995; Change of statutes, 1996; Website, 1998; Executive Committee, 1998-2008; Permanent Council, 1997-2008; Individual membership, 1996-2008; General queries and issues, 1999-2006; Process of nominations for Executive Committee, 2001-2008; Agreement with Lit Verlag, 2002; Statement on Spying published in Anthropology Today, 2005; Mattei Dogan Prize, 2005

16 Newsletters, 1963-2008

17 General publication information on certain publishers, 1999-2003

18 Articles on the IUAES

Contains: The International Organization of Anthropology by Keesing, 1960; History of IUAES 1934-1978 by Vidyarthi; Memoirs by Belshaw, Sunderland, Nas and Pitt, 2007; Article from book on Ethnology in Europe by Rogan, 2008; Article on the History of the IUAES by Nas and de Groot, 2007-2008

19 Finances

Contains: Correspondence on state of incorporation within the US, 1996-1997; Balance sheets, 1994-2005

D Cooperation

20 International Council for Philosophy and Humanistic Studies

Contains: Correspondence on representation, 2000; Correspondence on finance, 2000; Correspondence on grants, 2000

21 International Social Science Council

Contains: Correspondence and publication of Masterpieces on Oral and Intangible Culture Project, 2000; Correspondence on representation, 2000-2002; Correspondence on finances, 1999-2008; Correspondence on grants, 1998-2000

22 International Council for Science

Contains: Correspondence on the proposal on external evaluators for UNESCO, 2000; Correspondence on representation, 2001; Correspondence on finances, 2002-2007; Correspondence on grants, 1998-2002

23 Other organizations

Contains: Wenner Gren Foundation for Anthropological Research Inc.: Correspondence post-Florence Congress, 2003; ECOSOC: Correspondence on representation, 2000, Correspondence on the establishment of the consultative status, 2002-2005; Japanese Society of Ethnology: Correspondence, 1999-2003

E Scientific Commissions

24 Lists of addresses, 1998-2006

25 Commission proposals

Contains: Proposal for commission on computational anthropology, 1998; commission on sustainable human development, 2003; commission on history of anthropology, 2005; multicultural phenomenon and cross-cultural communication commission, 2005; commission on dental anthropology, 2006; commission on anthropology of small islands, 2008; commission on enterprise anthropology, 2008; Commission on bioethics: Correspondence on proposal, 2000

26 Commission on urgent anthropology

Contains: Reports, 1998-2002; Newsletters 12/13/14/15, 1995-2003; Bulletin 42-43/44, 2003-2006

27 Commission on anthropology of children, youth and childhood (a), Commission on visual anthropology (b), Commission on museums and cultural heritage (c)

Contains: a: Correspondence on proposal, 1999-2001, Report on international conference, 2001; b: Correspondence on representation, 2001, Reports, 1993-2000; c: Report, 1993-1998

28 Commission on folk law

Contains: Report, 1993-1998; Newsletters 19/30/33/36, 1990-2002

29 Commission on documentation (a), Commission on AIDS (b), Commission on nomadic peoples (c), Commission on ethnic relations (d), Commission on the anthropology of mathematics (e)

Contains: a: Reports, 1998-2000; b: Correspondence on representation, 1998; c: Correspondence on representation, 1999-2000; Reports, 1998-2008; d: Correspondence on proposal, 1995; Reports, 1995 -2001; Publication: Diversity Matters, 2001; e: Correspondence on proposal, 1999-2001

30 Commission on the anthropology of women (a), Commission on the anthropology of tourism (b), Commission on theoretical anthropology (c), Commission on human ecology (d)

Contains: Reports, 1993-2001; Newsletters, 1989/2001; Correspondence on world conference, 2001; b: Reports, 1998-2003; c: Report, 1993-1998; d: Correspondence, 1996-2000; Publications: Nutritional Perspective of Human Ecology/ Progression and Regression in Ontogenetic Development, 2000

31 Commission on urban anthropology

Contains: Correspondence on representation, 1998-2006; Reports, 1993-2000; Newsletters 1/9/10/11/13, 1989-2002; Publications: history of the commission, booklets by the Chinese Urban Anthropology Association and leaflet of the conference in Teheran, 1993-2005

32 Commission on anthropological dimensions of global change (a), Commission on medical anthropology (b), Commission on policy and practice (c), Commission on indigenous knowledge and sustainable development (d), Commission on peace and human rights (e), Commission on the anthropology of food (f)

Contains: a: Newsletters 3/4, 1998; b: Reports, 1994-2000; c: Correspondence on representation, 1998, Report, 1998; Newsletter 5, 2003; d: Report on symposium, 2002; e: Correspondence on representation, 1999-2003; Newsletters 6:3/ 10:3/ 10:4, 1988-1995; f: Reports, 1993-2001; Bulletin 1:1, 1998

F Pieces collected by Eric Sunderland

33 Dubrovnik Institute, 1987-1990

34 Statement on race, 1993-1995

35 Finances, 1997-1998

36 General information, 1999-2000  

37 Abstract book - Brussels, 1948

38 Abstract book - Paris, 1960

39 Program book - Moscow, 1964; Photocopies of program books - Tokyo and Kyoto, 1968; Program to the opera Tamu-Tamu - Chicago, 1973; Congress publication Anthropolog numbers 1-3 - Amsterdam, 1981

40 Program and Abstract book - Zagreb, 1988

41 Congress publication Bulletin numbers 1-3 - Mexico, 1993; Three abstract books - Florence, 1995; Program - Linkoping, 1996; Call for papers - Perth, 1997; Program to musical night - Tokyo, 2002

G Pieces collected by Henri Claessen

42-43 General information, 1987-1990

42 Part 1

43 Part 2

44 Correspondence on nominating committee, 1996-1998

5. IUAES Membership

We invite you to become a member of the IUAES.

Please contact:

Professor Tomoko Hamada, Treasurer IUAES, Department of Anthropology, College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, VA 23187-8795, United States of America, Fax: USA 757-221-1066, Tel: USA 757-221-1060. E-mail: thamad@wm.edu.

[ ] National academies: an amount determined by the Union.

[ ] National or regional associations: an amount equal to US$ 0.50 per professional member as determined by the Association itself, with a minimum of 50 members US$ 50. ............... members x US$ 0.50 = ………….US$.

[ ] Institutions (Departments, Institutes, etc.) becoming members for the first time US$ 50.00.
[ ] Institutions (Departments, Institutes, etc.) continuing their previous membership US$ 35.00.
[ ] Individual Membership US$ 30.00 (2 years), US$ 75.00 (5 years).

[ ] Student Membership US$ 20.00 (2 years), US$ 50.00 (5 years).

[ ] IUAES Research Commissions US$ 100 (1 year).

Methods of Payment: Due to foreign exchange rate fluctuations, we strongly encourage you to send payment in actual US dollar notes. Please contact the Treasurer for specific payment information (thamad@wm.edu). 

                                                                                                                              © IUAES/Peter J.M. Nas

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IUAES Newsletter 70

April 2008

1. Proposal for Changes in the IUAES to be discussed in Kunming

By Peter J.M. Nas

The following points have been put forward to be discussed within the Executive Committee at the Kunming Congress this summer. They have been divided into two sections, partially concerning the general organization of the IUAES and partially concerning the organization of the commissions.

General proposals:

1. The re-instatement of a finance committee.
2. A permanent domain name for the IUAES website.
3. The introduction of an alert-service on the website.

d.   Participants in congresses and inter-congresses have to be member of the IUAES.

Proposals concerning the commissions:

1. The instalment of websites for all of the commissions.
2. The re-iteration of the separate commission’s fee of $100. This does not exempt participating members from their own individual membership fee.
3. The formulation of regulations to ensure smooth transitions within the commissions’ administrative body.
4. The evaluation of the three commissions that did not contribute to the book on commissions to be published at the Kunming Congress. These are the Commission on the Anthropology of Tourism, the Commission on Linguistic Anthropology and the Commission on Nomadic Peoples.

2. Call for Proposals to Host the Congress in 2013 and Inter-congresses

By Peter J.M. Nas

During the Kunming Congress, a vote will be cast within the Permanent Council on the venue of the next congress, planned for 2013 and inter-congresses to be planned in between. This is an urgent call as no proposals have been received as of yet. For those who feel encouraged, they are requested to prepare a presentation for the Permanent Council meeting this summer. If more than one proposal is presented, a democratic vote will be held. For more information please contact Prof. Dr. Peter J.M. Nas at nas@fsw.leidenuniv.nl.

3. Call for Verification of Permanent Council National Delegations

By Peter J.M. Nas

The list of Permanent Council national delegations is currently published on the IUAES website. Please can all those concerned, check and verify the available information. Should a change be required please contact Prof. Dr. Peter J.M. Nas at nas@fsw.leidenuniv.nl.

4. Call for Proposals for Honorary Members

By Peter J.M. Nas

The IUAES has twenty places for Honorary Members, who enjoy a life-time membership. Some of these places are currently not filled. Should you be interested in nominating a candidate on grounds of outstanding contributions to scholarship, please prepare a short piece on their credentials. This is to be sent to Prof. Dr. Peter J.M. Nas at nas@fsw.leidenuniv.nl. Please note that it is not allowed to nominate a candidate from your own country.

5. Proposal for the Establishment of the IUAES Scientific Commission on Enterprise Anthropology

By Zhang Jijiao

We are very excited about enterprise anthropology and consider it as a field, which will be testifying the value and role of anthropology in times of market globalization and will be employing many more anthropologists in the future. The IUAES needs to establish a new scientific commission, the Commission on Enterprise Anthropology, to organize the enterprise anthropologists around the world.

Enterprise must be a research target of anthropologists. Enterprise is not only a kind of economic organization, but also a kind of social and cultural organization. When anthropologists pay more attention to social and cultural diversity, they must not ignore diversified kinds of enterprises in our world. With the background of globalization and localization in different countries and areas, enterprises have a great impact on our economy, lifestyle, society and culture. At these times, anthropologists need to understand different impact levels of various enterprises (transnational companies, state-owned companies, and middle and small size companies), which are based on our knowledge of social organization from the past to the present.

Since the 1990s, Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) is not only a concept but also an important issue as it emerged in Europe, North America, South America, and the Asia-Pacific Region. There is as yet, no widely agreed definition of CSR. CSR is a globally applicable concept but its interpretation will vary from country to country, industry to industry and company to company because of differing local situations and differing demands of stakeholders in different locations and industries. It is clear that for many people CSR is very much part of a Western agenda. Nevertheless, in the Asia-Pacific region it would be wrong to assume that all CSR practices are less developed than in the West, and it is a topic of much discussion (even at government level) although some see something culturally specific about the implementation of CSR. Anthropologists value the economic sustainability of organizations as well as their environmental and social sustainability.

Consumer behaviour is the study of how people buy, what they buy, when they buy and why they buy. It blends elements from anthropology, psychology and sociology. Anthropology and consumer studies are two related academic fields in terms of theoretical and methodological traditions. However it is still in the developmental stage and more improvements should be made. In order to understand consumers and the choices consumers make, anthropologists must study a range of human responses, including, but not limited to, affective (feelings), cognitive (thoughts), and behavioural (actions) ones. All those human responses can be explored through participant-observation, a powerful anthropological approach that fits in the behavioural theories of learning.

Research has shown that failures in the overseas business setting most frequently result from an inability to understand and adapt to foreign ways of thinking and acting rather than from technical or professional incompetence. The world is changing faster than most of us can imagine. A healthy dialog between business anthropologists and members of the international business community will be an important step in achieving required understanding.

The IUAES needs to stimulate more research projects on enterprise anthropology in the modern market society by a new commission, the scientific Commission on Enterprise Anthropology.

Since the 1930s cultural anthropologists have conducted research in industrial and corporate settings, focusing largely on corporate cultures in the United States. For example, the human relations school of organizational research of the 1930s and 1940s produced a number of ethnographies showing how informal cultural patterns could influence managerial goals. More recent studies of corporate cultures have attempted to show how specific configurations of values contribute to the relative success or failure of meeting corporate goals. It has been estimated that approximately 15 percent of all anthropologists in the United States work in the private sector of the economy, up from about 2 percent just two decades ago. With their traditional emphasis on participant observation, business anthropologists are in unique position to gather information on grass-roots corporate culture from the bottom up. To illustrate, the Xerox Corporation used an anthropologist to help the company devise more effective training programs for their service technicians. In the past years, anthropologists have worked inside some of the leading manufacture and service companies in the world, including Arthur Andersen, Ford, General Motors, Hewlett Packard, Motorola, Nissan, Proctor & Gamble and Xerox. These firms have discovered that anthropology brings a unique understanding of human and cultural issues to their enterprises at home and abroad. At the same time, anthropologists are discovering that the doors of business and industry open onto many exciting field sites and important research questions, and that the anthropological perspective can make a significant contribution to corporate social responsibility and ethics. Many corporations look explicitly for anthropologists, recognizing the utility of their perspective on a corporate team. A corporate anthropologist working in market research might use targeted focus groups to examine consumer preference patterns not readily apparent through statistical or survey methods.

The use of anthropologists in corporate America is growing. Why does Microsoft Corp. employ at least seven anthropologists? (And it is looking to hire more.) Other companies that utilize anthropologists including General Motors, Pitney Bowes Inc. and Intel Corp. Corporations have utilized anthropologists in the past to study their customers and how their workers put products together. Anthropologists are used to help companies understand cultures in other countries, and they help different corporate ‘cultures’ or departments understand each other, too.

We think that in this global world in which we live, there is great need for anthropologists in organization structure, enterprise culture, corporate social responsibility, business consulting, globalization and international business, product design, marketing and consumer behaviour.

Recent research efforts in Enterprise Anthropology are concentrated in four broad areas:

• Organizational theory and culture;
• Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR);
• Marketing and consumer behaviour;
• International business (especially international marketing, intercultural management, and intercultural communication).

Our principal sources of funding will come from training and conferences, advisory services to companies and advertising.

The main fields of Enterprise Anthropology are the following:

·       Analyzing the business organization itself and its internal functioning;

·       Providing information about Enterprise Anthropological issues as they emerge;

·       Providing expert Enterprise Anthropological knowledge to businesses and their stakeholders;

·       Conducting cross-cultural orientation programs for business personnel working in foreign countries or with different domestic ethnic groups, and monitoring and brokering cross-cultural business operations;

·       Analyzing the host country or host community in terms of its needs, capabilities, and limitations regarding business;

·       Teaching college courses relating anthropology to business/enterprise.

If the Commission on Enterprise Anthropology will be established, an annual newsletter called ‘Newsletter of Global Enterprise Anthropology’ would be published by the secretariat of the Commission on Enterprise Anthropology. Moreover, an annual conference will be organized in hosting countries. An independent website of Commission on Enterprise Anthropology will also be set up.

Chairpersons:

Prof. Dr. Zhang Jijiao and Prof. Dr. Peter J. M. Nas

Executive-Secretary and Editor Newsletter:

Associate Prof. Du Fachun

6. Announcement for the Business Meetings to be held at the Kunming Congress

The following announcement particularly concerns the members of the Executive Committee, the Permanent Council and the Chairs of the Scientific Commissions. The following schedule is the business meeting plan for the duration of the Kunming Congress. Please can the Chairs of the Scientific Commissions contact Prof. Dr. Zhang Jijiao at zhjijiao@126.com, so as to confirm which evening their particular Commission will be meeting.

The evening of July 16: the first business meeting of the Executive Committee.

The evening of July 17: the business meeting of 14 Commissions of the IUAES.

The evening of July 18: the business meeting of 14 Commissions of the IUAES.

The evening of July 19: the first business meeting of the IUAES Permanent Council.

The evening of July 21: the second business meeting of the IUAES Permanent Council

The afternoon of July 22: the General Assembly of the IUAES.

The morning of July 23: the second business meeting of the Executive Committee, IUAES.

7. Urban Migrants in Asia: A Comparative Study among China, Malaysia and South Korea

By Zhang Jijiao

A new book on urban migrants has been finished by China’s scholars in December, 2006. This project was directed by Prof. Dr. Zhang Jijiao, Institute of Ethnology and Anthropology, Chinese Academy of Social Sciences. Financial support was provided by the Centre for Asia Research, Chinese Academy of Social Sciences.

There were an estimated 192 million migrants worldwide in 2005, up from 176 million in 2000. Migrants comprise 3 per cent of the global population. The number of Asian migrants has increased from 28.1 million in 1970 to 43.8 million in 2000. Migration is now an essential, inevitable and potentially beneficial component of economic and social life in Asia. Governments and scholars in different Asian countries have paid more and more attention to migration in the context of globalization.

In recent years, more and more Asian migrants are finding work closer to home. On the one hand, migrants from China, Malaysia, Thailand and Vietnam have turned to neighbouring destinations in East and Southeast Asia for employment, rather than the Middle East. For example, China and Malaysia are both sending and receiving migrant countries. On the other hand, many migrants are unauthorized. Undocumented migrants in Japan, South Korea, China and Malaysia are driven there by poor economic conditions and internal conflicts in neighbouring countries.

In the past twenty years, most migration studies in China have focused on domestic migrants and were based on an economic or population approach. This project surveyed and analyzed urban migration from the perspective of urban anthropology. It focused on urban migrants in Asia and is based on field work in the three countries: China, South Korea and Malaysia. Its framework includes two main aspects: (1) a description of urbanization in the three countries, and the different types of urban migrants’ characteristics, conditions, and adaptation; (2) a comparative analysis of the similarities and differences of urbanization in the three countries and the different types of urban migrants’ adaptation, situation and characteristics.

IUAES Membership Application Form

We invite you to become a member of the IUAES. Please complete this form and return it with your payment, made payable to the IUAES, and address it to:

Professor Tomoko Hamada, Treasurer IUAES, Department of Anthropology, College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, VA 23187-8795, United States of America, Fax: USA 757-221-1066, Tel: USA 757-221-1060. E-mail: thamad@wm.edu.

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Please check one:

[ ] National academies: an amount determined by the Union.

[ ] National or regional associations: an amount equal to US$ 0.50 per professional member as determined by the Association itself, with a minimum of 50 members US$ 50. ............... members x US$ 0.50 = ………….US$.

[ ] Institutions (Departments, Institutes, etc.) becoming members for the first time US$ 50.00.
[ ] Institutions (Departments, Institutes, etc.) continuing their previous membership US$ 35.00.
[ ] Individual Membership US$ 30.00 (2 years), US$ 75.00 (5 years).

[ ] Student Membership US$ 20.00 (2 years), US$ 50.00 (5 years).

[ ] IUAES Research Commissions US$ 100 (1 year).

Methods of Payment:

Due to foreign exchange rate fluctuations, we strongly encourage you to send payment in actual US dollar notes. Please contact the Treasurer for specific payment information (thamad@wm.edu).

                                                                                                       © IUAES/Peter J.M. Nas

..........

IUAES Newsletter 69

November 2007

1. A Letter of Invitation from the Leadership of IUAES, Beijing, May 2007

By Dr. Luis Alberto Vargas, President and Dr. Peter J.M. Nas, Secretary General

Dear Members of IUAES, Colleagues and Students of Anthropology & Ethnology Worldwide:

The purpose of this letter is to invite you to join us in the XVI International Congress of our Union, to be held in Kunming, China from the 15^th till the 23^rd of July, 2008.

We propose to you the main reasons to attend this Congress:

a)     Have your research or teaching results exposed and published in English and Chinese in China, where the anthropological and ethnological community is very large.

b)     Enable you to meet important scholars and potential students working in your field.

c)     Enhance your academic network for the future within the IUAES Commissions and with colleagues from many parts of the World, in an event that only happens every five years.

d)     Experience China, its minorities and its development.

e)     Get to know Kunming City and Yunnan Province, a most interesting part of China, where 40,000,000 people belonging to 56 ethnic groups live within varied and very beautiful landscapes.

We have recently visited Beijing and Kunming and have now the direct knowledge and experience to convey to you on what to expect from this Congress, and complete the information that appeared in our Newsletter 68 of May 2007 which is available in our website (www.leidenuniv.nl/fsw/iuaes/index.htm), with a link to the website of the Congress (www.icaes2008.org), which is being up-dated.

Our meetings in China with the authorities of the China’s Union of Anthropological and Ethnological Sciences, the State Ethnic Affairs Commission, Chinese Academy of Social Sciences, Ethnic Affairs Commission of Yunnan Province, Central University of the Nationalities, Yunnan University, The Yunnan Nationalities University, Yunnan Nationalities Museum, and Yunnan Ethnic Park, who are members of the National and Local Organizing Committees of the Congress or the major participants, and our personal visit to the sites where the Congress will be held, allow us to share with you the following conclusions:

1.     The city of Kunming and the Province of Yunnan offer exceptional connections to arrive from different parts of the World, without passing by Beijing, which may be difficult a few weeks before the Olympic Games that begin on August 8th. The air routes will be posted soon on the Congress webpage. In addition, the city is of medium size, with excellent internal communications, and is located in the beautiful Yunnan province, where a large number of China’s ethnic minorities live. The normal climate is mild and not hot during the week of the Congress. In addition, the city is safe and assures medical assistance in case of emergency.

2.     The physical spaces offered locally surpassed our expectations, the halls and rooms where the plenary sessions, the conferences, seminars, round tables, meetings of the Commissions, social activities, etc. are to be held are well equipped with very comfortable seating, facilities for video and computer projection, as well as being very attractive.

3.     Kunming has excellent and varied housing, going from luxury hotels to accessible and clean dormitories within the Universities campus. A wide choice can be made, and special prices have been fixed. We urge you to reserve, as soon as the offer is made in the Congress website.

4.     The academic activities of the Congress will be held in one place, the Yunnan University, where there are also housing and dining facilities. This will promote personal interactions between all of us. The inaugural and closing session, plus some social activities will be held respectively in The Kunming International Convention and Exhibition Center and in the Yunnan Ethnic Park, where adequate and attractive facilities and convenient transportation will be offered.

5.     A special effort is being made to facilitate the participation of under and postgraduate students of Anthropology and Ethnology, in order to provide them with the material and economic conditions enabling them to go to China. Further information will appear soon on the Congress website, but we consider that this is a unique opportunity for students to get in touch personally with distinguished scholars of the Anthropological World, who may only be familiar to them as authors of books or articles.

6.     It is almost needless to add that on the short and long term, we expect this Congress to promote academic and personal contacts between scholars from all over the World who have little opportunity to meet elsewhere. The Organizing Committee is making an effort to invite and promote the interaction of colleagues and students from Third Word countries, especially those from South East Asia.

7.     Every possible effort is being made to have very experienced anthropologists and ethnologists as key note or distinguished speakers for the Congress and their names will appear on the website.

8.     Please check the Congress website to see the modalities of academic participation. Some of the sessions that will be posted soon are open for more participants.

9.     An anthropological or ethnological film festival and several exhibitions will be held as part of the Congress, and we encourage those interested in submitting materials for them to get in touch with the Organizing Committee. A prize will be awarded to the best anthropological or ethnological film.

10.  As you can verify in our website, IUAES is organized in Research Commissions. The Congress will provide the opportunity for each one of you to join one or several of them, and assure contact with colleagues from many countries in the field of your interest. Each Commission has set its rules for joining them, but it is a very open and accessible procedure to take part.

11.  We urge all of our colleagues to prepare their participation in the Congress. This not only means bringing your paper and joining or continuing your activities within the Research Commissions. Business meetings of the Union will be held, and by paying your fees for the congress you will become a member of IUAES. We need you to organize the group that will represent your country in our discussions, and you will be able to nominate candidates to become officers or honorary members of the Union.

12.  The rules of IUAES state that the Research Commissions must have a business meeting at least during every Congress. Very comfortable rooms have been assigned for them, but we need the chairpersons of each Commission to request their use by contacting the Organizing Committee.

13.  We also ask members of IUAES, the Research Commissions and national organizations to propose places where the 2013 World Congress and the Inter-congresses between 2008 and 2013 may be held.

14.  We also encourage you to bring two copies of your books and publications to be donated to the libraries of Yunnan University and Yunnan University of the Nationalities.

The results that the Chinese Organizing Committees of the XVI Congress of the International Union of Anthropological and Ethnological Sciences have achieved so far are excellent. Care has been taken to grant the best possible facilities to make this meeting and exceptional one. We publicly recognize their effort and thank for it in name of all the anthropological community.

We have witnessed the impressive effort that has been made by our Chinese colleagues to make this Congress a success from the academic, institutional and personal points of view. It is now the task of each and all of us, anthropologists and students of Anthropology, to fulfill this goal. Please cooperate very actively with us.

2. Memorandum on the Preparatory Work of the 16^th Congress, IUAES2008, Kunming, China, May 23^rd, 2007, Beijing, China

By Mr. Zhou Mingfu, Deputy Chairperson, COCC & CUAES; Professor Luis Alberto Vargas, President IUAES; and Professor Peter J. M. Nas, Secretary General IUAES

President Luis Alberto Vargas and Secretary General Peter J. M. Nas of IUAES (hereinafter the IUAES Leadership) visited Beijing and Kunming from 15-24th of May, 2007, for overviewing the preparatory work of the oncoming 16th IUAES Congress in China. Mr. Zhou, Mingfu, Deputy Chairperson of China’s Union of Anthropological and Ethnological Sciences (hereinafter CUAES) and the Deputy Chairperson of the China Organizing Committee of the IUAES Congress 2008 (hereinafter COCC IUAES), Mr. Rong, Shixing, and Professor Jing Jun, Vice-Chairpersons of CUAES and COCC IUAES, Mr. Gao Feng, Vice-Governor of the Yunnan Provincial People’s Government gave a comprehensive and detailed explanation of the preparatory work and its progress to the IUAES leadership. The IUAES leadership has reached the conclusion that current preparation work in China is now reaching the required tempo, and IUAES does confirm and appreciate the conscientious work by the COCC IUAES. From now on, IUAES is going to intensify its guidance and assistance to COCC IUAES with its whole competence in terms of calling for themes of sessions, specifying keynote speakers and formulating policies for providing financial aid to some of the participants.

After several rounds of talks and a field inspection to Kunming, the IUAES and the CUAES (hereinafter both parties) have reached the following consensus:

1. Both parties confirm the form and activities of the Congress, including the opening and closing ceremonies, the key-note speeches, the plenary meeting, academic sessions (regional development and memorial forums included), lectures, organization meetings of IUAES Commissions, film presentations, cultural exhibitions (poster sessions included), academic field trips, etc. The IUAES specifies that at least 2 Art Performances of China’s Ethnic Minorities will be arranged.

2. Both parties have agreed to arrange 6 key-notes speeches and 15-20 Spectrum Lectures during the Congress and the name list of the speakers and lecturers will be jointly decided by the COCC IUAES and the IUAES Executive Committees.

3. The IUAES leadership emphasizes that the Congress should have at least 150-200 sessions/panels, each should have participants from more than 2 countries and regions, and each should have a Chinese liaison scholar.

4. For a better understanding of the development of anthropology and ethnology in China, and China’s policy toward the ethnic minority groups by the international participants, both parties have agreed to entrust China for organizing four special sessions during the Congress 2008 with the titles of ‘The Achievement of China’s Policy toward Ethnic Minority Groups and Ethnic Administration’, ‘Anthropology and Ethnology in China’, ‘Anthropology and Ethnology in Yunnan’, ‘The Development of Kunming City and Anthropology’, respectively. 

5. Both Parties agree to entrust China for organizing four exhibitions including ‘The Academic Exhibition of Anthropology and Ethnology in the World’, ‘The Exhibition of Local Cultures Around the World’, ‘The Exhibition of Colourful China’, and ‘The Exposition of Ethnic Cultures’ during the Congress.  Since 2008 is the 60th anniversary of the IUAES, the COCC will organize a special exhibition on the history and current situation of IUAES.  IUAES is to provide texts, photos and other objects of the previous Congresses and Inter-Congresses and COCC will carry out the exhibition.

6. Both parties agree to hold an anthropological and ethnological visual/film presentation during the Congress, with the theme of ‘Plurality and Universality: Culture, Humanity and Development’. The COCC will be responsible for the collection, viewing and selecting the products whilst the IUAES will offer necessary assistance. The IUAES expects the visual/film presentations to open to the public, and the Prize Awarding Ceremony will be held to honour the best products in the name of IUAES.

7. The IUAES has specified the size and schedule for its working organs as the following: July 16^th evening, the working meeting of the IUAES Executive Committee, 20 persons July 17^th evening, working meeting of the 14 Research Commissions, 30-50 persons; July 18^th evening, working meeting of the rest 14 Research Commissions (a new commissions named Anthropology of Small Islands will be added), 30-50 persons, July 19^th evening, plenary meeting of the Permanent Council of the IUAES, 100-150 persons, July 21 evening, the second Permanent Council meeting, 100-150 persons, July 22^nd afternoon, General Assembly of the IUAES, 200-250 persons, and it will be followed by a reception in the evening, 100-150 persons. July 23^rd morning, IUAES Executive Council.  All these will be organized by IUAES.

8. According to a proposal made in the South Africa Inter-congress of issuing a Kunming Declaration, the IUAES leadership will continue to express their understanding and support this proposal and hope the Kunming Declaration will gain a pass from the Permanent Council of the IUAES.

9. Both Parties confirm that the Congress will specify the following sites as the targets for academic field trips during the Congress: The Danuohei Village, the Keyi Village, the Nagu Town, the Yuhu Yi Culture and Ecology Village.

10. The IUAES will try its best to enlist financial support from the following 5 institutions: The International Social Science Council (ISSC), The International Union of Scientific Councils (ICSU), The International Philosophy Council (CIPHS), the Ford Foundation, and the Third World Academy of Sciences.

11. The IUAES is going to distribute an official letter to the international academic circle to mobilize a more extensive participation of the IUAES 2008 Congress in China by the anthropologists and ethnologists worldwide.

12. Both parties agree to compile a book jointly entitled Anthropology Today, IUAES will provide the manuscripts and COCC IUAES will be responsible for its translation, editing and publication.

13. Both parties agree to use the classification of the Third World Scholars according to the standards of the journal Current Anthropology in order to fix the quota and intensity of the financial support on this basis.

14. The IUAES does hope to encourage more students to participate in the Congress. Both parties agree to provide a lower registration fee and less expensive housing for this purpose.  Both parties expect the travel cost of the students for this Congress will be provided by their university and relevant foundations.

15. The IUAES has expressed its strong concern with the publication of the papers of the Congress. Both parties agree to publish the Congress’s products in the multiple forms of CD, Websites, Printings, etc.

16. In response to the proposal of the IUAES leadership, COCC will publish the information of the traffic, communication and tourist routes as soon as possible, and it will provide infrastructure for individual scholars to publish their personal information and provide facilities to smooth inter-personal communications during the Congress.

17. The IUAES leadership expects that the COCC will make a proper arrangement for the services to those accompanying the scholars. It is a necessity to recruit adequate volunteers for this purpose and the volunteers should have their necessary facilities as well.  COCC has promised to put these issues into the master plan of the Congress.

18. IUAES encourages the COCC to facilitate the use of the credit card payment for the Congress registration through the internet. COCC is coordinating actively along this line with the Bank of China and the relevant information will be published on the Websites.

19. The IUAES leadership encourages the Chinese scholars to take active part in the work of IUAES Research Commissions.  It hopes that CUAES will recommend outstanding scholars to the leading posts of the IUAES organs. When conditions become ripe, CUAES may propose new Research Commissions to be established under IUAES.

20. IUAES proposes that a future Inter-congress could be held in China.  CUAES will take this proposal into consideration.

3. Agenda Executive Committee Meeting, Kunming

a. Opening

b. Minutes of the meetings of 31 August and 3 September 2005, Pardubice

c. Kunming World Congress

d. Report of the Nomination Committee (Omoto and Shahshahani)

e. Financial report (Hamada)

f. Review of existing and proposed Research Commissions (Proposed Commission on Small Islands: Ajai Pratap Singh, proposal for Commission on Disaster: David Pitt, evaluation of commissions not in the Commissions book)

g. Preparation for next Congress and Inter-congresses

h. Planning of meetings for the Permanent Council and General Assembly

i. New Honorary Members

j. Statement on Race (Skalnik)

k. Kunming Statement (Chinese Organizing Committee)

l. Closure

4. Agenda first Permanent Council Meeting, Kunming

a. Opening

b. Kunming World Congress

c. Report of the Nomination Committee (Omoto and Shahshahani)

d. Research Commissions (Nas)

e. Preparation for next World Congress 2013

f. Preparation for next Inter-Congresses

g. New Honorary Members

h. Statement on Race (Skalnik)

i. Closure

5. Agenda second Permanent Council Meeting, Kunming

a. Opening

b. Listing of country delegations present

c. New IUAES officials

d. Next World Congress 2013

e. Next Inter-Congresses

g. Kunming Statement (Chinese Organizing Committee)

h. Closure

6. Agenda General Assembly Meeting, Kunming

a. Opening

b. Kunming World Congress

c. Next World Congress 2013

d. Next Inter-Congresses

e. Kunming Statement (Chinese Organizing Committee)

f. Closure

7. Anthropology Now: Essays by the Scientific Commissions of the International Union of Anthropological and Ethnological Sciences (IUAES) and History of the International Union of Anthropological and Ethnological Sciences (IUAES)

By Peter J.M. Nas and Zhang Jijiao

This book was initiated by the organizers of the 2008 Kunming IUAES World Congress. They proposed to present the work of the IUAES Scientific Commissions as well as a synopsis of the history of the IUAES, in a volume to be published in English and Chinese for the participants of the Congress. Such a publication was deemed valuable in presenting a broad overview of the topics dealt with in current anthropological research. Prof. Peter J.M. Nas, as Secretary General of the IUAES, was honoured to organize this volume by asking the officials of each of the Scientific Commissions to write a contribution. After the editing of the book the essays will be translated in Chinese under the supervision of Professor Dr. Zhang Jijiao. It is with great pleasure that in Part 1, in cooperation with our Chinese colleagues and the Commission officials, the IUAES can offer this overview of important anthropological topics covered by the IUAES Scientific Commissions. The second part and subsequently the last essay of this volume then focuses on the history of the IUAES. This information is partly displayed and expanded on with photographic material and other items at the exposition ‘Sixty Years IUAES’ at the 2008 Kunming Congress.

The contents of the book are:

1.        Introduction, Secretary General IUAES, Peter J.M. Nas

Part 1. Essays of the Scientific Commissions of the International Union of Anthropological and Ethnological Sciences (IUAES)

2.        Global Bioethics: State of Art and States of Art, IUAES Commission on Bioethics, Charles Susanne, A. Cambron, M. Casado, F. Cascais, B. Chiarelli, E. Rebato, M. Salona, A. Sanchez, K. Simitopoulou, M. Szente, J. Toth and N. Xirotiris

3.        Migration and Diasporic Studies in the 21^st Century, IUAES Commission on Migration, Anand Singh

4.        Ethnicity in Anthropology, IUAES Commission on Ethnic Relations, E.L. Cerroni-Long

5.        Culture and Knowing, Neurophysiological Correlates for Mathematical Ability and Performance, IUAES Commission on the Anthropology of Mathematics, Paul W. Dixon

6.        Legal Pluralism, IUAES Commission on Legal Pluralism, Anne Griffiths

7.        Salvaging Cultures, IUAES Commission on Urgent Anthropology, Stephanie Wiesbauer-Hohenwart

8.        The Identity of Cultural Heritage: Can We Discard It and Put It Aside in a Remote Place? The Unforeseen Changing Role of Museum Institutions, IUAES Commission on Museums and Cultural Heritage, M.K. Gautam

9.        Reconciling Perspectives on the World’s Diverse Women and Cultures of Gender: Toward New Syntheses for the 21st Century, IUAES Commission on the Anthropology of Women, Faye V. Harrison

10.     Nutrition and the Anthropology of Food, IUAES Commission on the Anthropology of Food and Nutrition (ICAF), Igor de Garine, Helen Macbeth, Ricardo Avila, Frederic Duhart, Valerie de Garine, Isabel González Turmo, Claude Marcel Hladik, Annie Hubert, F. Xavier Medina, Ellen Messer, Patrick Pasquet, Wulf Schiefenhövel, Carmen Strungaru

11.     From the Local to the Global: The Relevance of Urban Anthropology, IUAES Commission on Urban Anthropology, Giuliana B. Prato

12.     Claiming Grounds: Anthropology’s Share in Studies of Globalization, IUAES Commission on Anthropological Dimensions of Global Change, Soheila Shahshahani

13.     Medical Anthropology of the 21st Century: Between Local/Global Health Myths and Neoliberal Devastation of Global Health, IUAES Commission on Medical Anthropology and Epidemiology, Sanja Špoljar Vržina and Pavao Rudan

14.     Human – Nature – Society, IUAES Commission on Indigenous Knowledge and Sustainable Development, Viatcheslav Rudnev and Dorothy Billings

15.     Midlife for the Anthropology of Aging, IUAES Commission on the Anthropology and Aging and the Aged, Jay Sokolovsky

16.     Rethinking Anthropology and AIDS: Future Scenarios and International Campaigns, IUAES Commission on the Anthropology of AIDS, David Pitt

17.     The Rights of the Child, IUAES Commission on the Anthropology of Children, Youth and Childhood, Deepak Kumar Behera

18.     Physical Anthropology, IUAES Commission on Primatology, Brunetto Chiarelli

19.     Anthropology and Peace Studies, IUAES Commission on Anthropology, Peace and Human Rights, Robert A. Rubinstein and Rik Pinxten

20.     How the Documentation Problem became the Document Problem and How Libraries Can Help, IUAES Commission on Documentation, Paul Nchoji Nkwi and H. Russell Bernard

21.     Human Rights and Development: Security, Democracy and Environment, IUAES Commission on Human Rights, Buddhadeb Chauduri

22.     Applied Anthropology: Connecting Anthropology to Human Life, IUAES Commission on Anthropology in Policy and Practice, Jan J.J.M. Wuisman

23.     Human Ecology, Economy and the Global System, IUAES Commission on Human Ecology, Maciej Henneberg and Napoleon Wolanski

24.     Ethnographic Cinema, IUAES Commission on Visual Anthropology, Rolf Husmann and Metje Postma

25.     About Early States and Global Civilization, IUAES Commission on Theoretical Anthropology (COTA), Petr Slaník

Part 2. History of the International Union of Anthropological and Ethnological Sciences (IUAES)

26.   From Past to Present: A Short History on the IUAES, Peter J.M. Nas and Marlies de Groot

                                                                                                     © IUAES/Peter J.M. Nas